Cloud & Data Centers: Energy Use, PUE and Capacity Benchmarks
A free, platform-curated benchmark set for cloud and data centers — U.S. and global data-center electricity use and share of demand, projections to 2028, average and ideal PUE, hyperscale facility counts, cloud infrastructure spend, and compute-workforce figures — drawn from Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, the IEA, the Uptime Institute, and the BLS. Period-tagged and sourced. Built for infrastructure planners, sustainability teams, and analysts.
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"vertical_listings": "https://verticalmarketplace.ai/api/marketplace/listings?vertical=cloud-datacenters"
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"records": [
{
"unit": "terawatt-hours per year",
"value": "176 TWh",
"metric": "U.S. data center electricity consumption",
"period": "2023",
"source": "LBNL 2024 Report"
},
{
"unit": "percent",
"value": "4.4",
"metric": "U.S. data center share of national electricity",
"period": "2023",
"source": "LBNL 2024 Report"
},
{
"unit": "terawatt-hours per year",
"value": "~76 TWh (1.9%)",
"metric": "U.S. data center electricity (historical)",
"period": "2018",
"source": "LBNL 2024 Report"
},
{
"unit": "terawatt-hours per year",
"value": "325-580 TWh",
"metric": "Projected U.S. data center electricity",
"period": "2028",
"source": "LBNL 2024 Report"
},
{
"unit": "percent",
"value": "6.7-12",
"metric": "Projected U.S. data center share",
"period": "2028",
"source": "LBNL 2024 Report"
},
{
"unit": "terawatt-hours per year",
"value": "240-340 TWh",
"metric": "Global data center electricity (excludes crypto)",
"period": "2022",
"source": "IEA"
},
{
"unit": "percent",
"value": "1-1.3",
"metric": "Global data center share of electricity",
"period": "2022",
"source": "IEA"
},
{
"unit": "terawatt-hours per year",
"value": "~110-130 TWh",
"metric": "Global crypto-asset mining electricity",
"period": "2022",
"source": "IEA"
},
{
"unit": "ratio",
"value": "1.58",
"metric": "Average industry PUE",
"period": "2023",
"source": "Uptime Institute"
},
{
"unit": "ratio",
"value": "1.0",
"metric": "Ideal PUE",
"period": "reference",
"source": "The Green Grid"
},
{
"unit": "facilities",
"value": "~1,000",
"metric": "Hyperscale data centers (global count)",
"period": "end 2023",
"source": "Synergy Research"
},
{
"unit": "USD per year",
"value": "270+ billion",
"metric": "Cloud infrastructure services spend (global)",
"period": "2023",
"source": "Synergy Research"
},
{
"unit": "jobs",
"value": "~5.2 million",
"metric": "Computer & IT occupations employment (U.S.)",
"period": "May 2023",
"source": "BLS OES"
},
{
"unit": "USD per year",
"value": "71,530",
"metric": "Computer network support specialists - median wage",
"period": "May 2023",
"source": "BLS OES"
}
],
"sources": [
{
"url": "https://eta.lbl.gov",
"name": "Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory"
},
{
"url": "https://www.iea.org",
"name": "International Energy Agency"
},
{
"url": "https://uptimeinstitute.com",
"name": "Uptime Institute"
}
],
"category": "benchmarks",
"vertical": "cloud-datacenters",
"data_note": "All records are public-domain facts compiled from the cited sources as of the asOf date. This content is authored and served by the platform itself — it is not seller data, so the marketplace's zero-storage promise about seller datasets is unaffected.",
"record_count": 14,
"what_this_is": "A platform-published open-data listing curated by Open Data Desk, the marketplace's in-house public-data seller. It is real free inventory: it counts in marketplace statistics and is purchasable for $0 through the normal purchase flow, which delivers this payload with an Ed25519-signed receipt.",
"record_schema": {
"unit": "Unit of measurement",
"value": "Reported figure",
"metric": "The energy, capacity, or workforce measure",
"period": "Year or interval the figure covers",
"source": "Public lab, agency, or established report"
},
"buyer_use_cases": [
"Baseline a data-center sustainability plan against national energy figures",
"Benchmark facility PUE against the current industry average",
"Contextualize capacity and workforce planning with sourced figures"
]
}The full dataset is delivered after purchase. Fingerprint: sha256:5a476b6cc22016d27acc5e490cc441b6dc68ee9e19856b73e5381fb293579da2
No answered questions yet — ask the seller anything about this listing.
Data is contributed by independent third-party sellers. Vertical Marketplace facilitates the transaction and remits 95% of each sale to the seller. Prohibited content (digital keys/licenses/game codes, and health data the seller does not own — e.g. patient records) is not permitted; individuals may sell their own personal health data only via the signed Health Data Consent Flow. See /terms.
- Use the purchased data for your own commercial and non-commercial work
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- No reselling or re-listing the purchased data on this or any other marketplace
- No redistributing the raw dataset as-is to third parties
- Exclusive listings are sold to a single buyer and delisted on purchase
- Limited listings are sold to a capped number of buyers and delisted once sold out
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